![]() ![]() In some states, environmental regulatory agencies regulate fracking in others, fracking is regulated by oil and gas commissions. States have primary regulatory authority over fracking and regulate the location and spacing of wells, drilling methods, lining of wells, the process of fracking itself, plugging wells, waste disposal, and site reclamation. Īs of 2015, thirty-one states produced crude oil and 33 states produced natural gas. The fluid (known as frac fluid) contains between 98 percent and 99.5 percent water and sand between 0.5 percent and 2 percent of the fluid is composed of chemical additives, which are used to stop the growth of microorganisms, prevent well casing corrosion, increase the rate at which the fluid is injected, and reduce pressure, among other uses. The high pressure fluid produces a fracture network that allows crude oil and natural gas inside dense rocks to flow into a wellbore and be extracted at the surface. The process involves injecting fluid into subterranean rock formations at high pressure. Hydraulic fracturing, also known as fracking, is a method of oil and natural gas extraction.
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